How to access icloud on my iphone after logging into the icloud via another phone?

I lost my iPhone last night… Halloween (self-explanatory). My iPhone wherever it is has no power and I attempted to find it through logging into icloud through another cell phone on my family plan, however after logging into icloud on another phone, I was unable to access the contacts, find my iphone, and notes from my lost iphone.

What can I do to resync my old iPhone with the cloud without deactivating the phone or filing a court order to get AT & T to find it through GPS?

I just want to find my phone and can't because cloud synced everything with another phone

The solution is to sign in on your ID with the other phone. As you said, your phone has no power, so you can't find it. You may, however wipe your data just in case.