Can I access something saved on my Mac in Documents on my iPhone?

I went through the whole iCloud process on my Mac and iPhone but I can't seem to figure out how to access documents on my phone that I've saved on my Mac. Do I need to save them somewhere other than "Documents"? If so, where?

Are you using Mountain Lion? This adds greater, but not complete, document sharing with iCloud.

It may be easier for now to use a free DropBox account and DropBox app on the phone.