How to get music in iTunes to sync to iPhone?

Ok. I just got an iphone 5s and sturggled to get the music into itunes from my old ipod. Thats fixed. I then got itunes match and that recognized some of my music that i did not purchase from apple and it gave me the itunes version. I think i got most of the doubles. Now my PROBLEM… I can't get my libraries, playlists, and music in general to sync to my 5s. Any help would be great. Id prefer not to reset my phone because thats another headache but i guess beggars can't be choosers.

I don't understand why people continue to "sync". I never sync - I always use manual management setting, even on the iOS 7 iPhone 5, and I don't have this problem.