Is there an iPhone calendar or planner app that I can sync to my laptop (PC)?

I'm a busy grad student and need a way to keep my calendar with me at all times and I hate using just the iPhone to do so! I like to be able to type on the computer when possible, the touch screen on the iPhone is just so tedious! I'm looking for something that I can pull up on my computer, edit information, then have it also sync back to the iPhone app or something of the sort and vice-verse. I have no idea if this even exists but would be grateful to any help offered!

You can sync any number of calendars to the iPhone. Popular options include Gmail and Apple's own iCloud (though I haven't tried it).

Set up this kind of calendar by setting up an email account that includes a calendar (e.g., Gmail).

You could use VueMinder Pro on your PC. It syncs 2-way with Google Calendar. If you also sync your iPhone with the same Google Calendar that you're syncing with VueMinder, you'll see all the appointments you enter on your PC automatically appear on your iPhone (and vice versa). Here's some more information:
http://www.vueminder.com/products/vueminder/help/addgooglecalendar.html

This is what I use because I don't like having to open a web browser to enter my appointments, and typing via touch screen on the iPhone is tedious for any real work. VueMinder starts automatically with Windows and sits on my PC's desktop. Best of both worlds.