What does an American need to charge iPhone in Central and Western Europe?

I will be traveling in Germany, Austria, Czech, and Hungary. I'm also bringing my iPhone and a plug I can attach to my charger so that I can charge there. Do I also need an adapter (I think that is the term for the tool that converts voltage)? If so, what kind should I get?

First off, all four of those countries operate on 230V 50Hz electricity, so if your charger doesn't have a switch for 220 or 230, you will need a converter (which is simply a step-down transformer). In any case, you will also need an adapter to fit their electrical outlets. Germany, Austria and Hungary all have identical outlets, while the Czech Republic could have one of the outlets the same as those three countries plus another that is unique. Refer to the website below to see what they all look like.

First check your charger input, it may automatically adjust for 120/240 volt systems. Most do, they don't need a switch. Then all you will need is a US/Europe adapter to plug into the mains.

Liam is correct. All iPhone chargers work on 110 to 250V so a converter is not necessary. Note that you will probably need more than one adapter as several types are used in Europe.