Will the IPhone that's gonna be released in 2019 slow down after a few years like all the other Apple products?

Ever since the news that Apple has purposefully made it so their devices slowly starts working worse as time goes by I haven't bought another Apple product but I really need a new phone, I wish I could buy another phone like Samsung but I have information on my current phone for school that can't be transferred. So I have been waiting for an Apple phone that won't slow down over time, so I don't have to constantly buy new phones and waste thousands.

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Planned obsolescence is how they get you to buy the next phone, that and cheesy technology "look the phone unlocks with your face"

Pavlov's dogs line up for the new iPhone every time apple rings the bell

By the time the next edition comes out, many people will be ready for a new, updated phone.

Yes

That is total nonsense.
The "slowdown" is if the battery has lost capacity to the point the phone would otherwise shut off at full CPU power.
How many time have you heard people complain of phones, tablets & laptops shutting off while still showing 20 - 40% battery? It reduces that effect with a failing battery.

The slowdown effect reduces power consumption & stops it crashing and keeps it usable until you get a new battery. They go back to normal operation as soon as they have a good battery fitted.
It's like switching a laptop to battery-saving rather than max performance mode.

The only problem with the system Apple introduced was that they did not explain it properly at the time.

I'm still using an iphone 6 bought when they first came out.
It is still as good as the day i bought it, with the latest operating system updates.
I did fit a new battery last year as the original was only lasting a day or so.

The other common problem is people buying the small memory versions, over-filling them & the system running out of working space - that messes phones and tablets up in exactly the same way it does laptops and desktop computers; they all need a decent amount of free storage for the system to run properly.
Once that has happened with a phone or tablet, the only way to get full performance back is often to do a full reflash, as operating system files can be corrupted.
(eg. A "DFU Restore" on an iphone / ipad).

I've always got the largest memory version so never had any such out-of-memory problems.

The only reason Apple would slow down your phone is if you have a bad battery. All iPhone batteries are replaceable through the Apple store, any local cell phone repair shop, and with DIY battery kits on eBay.

What happened with the 'slow down' was that Apple was throttling back processor performance on phones where the battery degraded to a point. If the battery was not yet at that point then no throttle back. Apple didn't communicate that to the customers, hence the initial outrage. If your iPhone reached that state, replacing the battery would fix it & restore full performance, as well as in a since released iOS update it gave the user the option to prefer performance over battery when that became the case.

iOS 12 also gave new life to older iPhones according to many who checked them out on the older models. Fact remains Apple still is much better at supporting older phone models longer. Currently the iPhone 5s from 2013 still can run the latest iOS.

"I wish I could buy another phone like Samsung"
--If you don't like Apple's apparent slow downs then you'd loathe Samsung's. I have 1st hand experience with how awful they are.

"So I have been waiting for an Apple phone that won't slow down over time, so I don't have to constantly buy new phones and waste thousands"
--The thing is though, as time progresses all phones slow down or at least aren't capable to keep up with newer versions of their OSs and/or eventually would be cut off from receiving updates & then you eventually upgrade. How often you feel the need to do those upgrades is up to you. I personally do so every 2 years, though realistically, assuming Apple's current update cycle, it could be every 6 years (or until Apple stops sending updates to the iPhone I own at the time).