Can cops track a iPhone 5 without SIM card?

I'm leaving home and my mom wants to keep my phone, but I had bought the phone. If I remove my phone from her account and hook up a diff phone to her account, an take out the SIM card, AND turn off location services, can they still track my phone?

No, without a SIM card nobody can track it. Even with location services on.

Why would the police be involved? Are you under 18? If the police have no legal reason to track you, then they won't. If the DO have a legal reason, then they will use the phone carrier to track you down.