Can you track an iphone 4s WITHOUT its SIM card?

Its sim card is off and the phone software is up to date (ios6)
If the phone is being restored and when its done and its turned on, can it be tracked with all its memory wiped out and sim card still not in the phone?

They can be tracked as phones are tracked with the IMEI and not SIM card. So when you switch the phone to other carrier or put any other SIM, the phone gets flagged on that network or other network. But the phone will work fine.