Resetting an iphone and restoring from back up?

When resetting an iphone [5] and then restoring from back up, what does it restore? [photos, mail, messgaes, contacts.ect?]
what do I get back?

Android is a Linux-based operating system[12] designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Initially developed by Android, Inc., which Google backed financially and later bought in 2005,[13] Android was unveiled in 2007 along with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance: a consortium of hardware, software, and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices.[14] The first Android-powered phone was sold in October 2008.[

  • Restoring my iphone, how do i get my stuff back? I tired to jailbreak my Iphone and it didn't work. But in the process it deleted all of my photos and filled the space in my phone with "other" (what you see when you plug it into itunes. I want to restore my phone and get it back to the way it was before i tried to jail break it, how do i do that?
  • Is resetting and restoring your iphone the same thing? Now this may seem a little stupid, but I need to restore my iphone 4 so I can use a new sim card and I've been trying to restore for over an hour and it still says "contacting the iPhone software update server." But then I noticed that in my phone there's a reset all button. Is this the same thing as I want to do as a restore? My phone has been backed up today.
  • Is resetting an iPhone the same as restoring it with iTunes? So a few days ago i got a message on my iPhone that if i don't restore my iPhone then I won't be able to receive or send calls and I can't do that either. I looked on youtube on how to restore an iPhone and it said you needed iTunes but I don't have iTunes on my computer. So would restoring my iPhone with iTunes be the same as resetting it?
  • IPhone stuck on apple logo after resetting and won't connect to iTunes? Ok so I reset my iPhone (settings-general-reset entire phone) and now it's frozen on the apple logo with a loading wheel, I know how to fix it but the main problem is that I actually never connected my iPhone to iTunes and I just recently downloaded iTunes but my PC won't read my iPhone… Can anyone help me on how to fix it without connecting it to iTunes?