Will Apple or AT&T be able to track my stolen iPhone 5 if I never activated it?

Had iPhone shipped to my house and when I opened the box it was empty. Could have been FedEx or a neighbor due to it sitting outside my door for awhile.

If you report the phone stolen, it will not be able to be activated, but they won't/can't track it.

Was the box still sealed? If you report the parcel as stolen then you will not incur any fees, and the serial number SHOULD be blocked. This is why you should be there to sign for the item when it arrives, so such things don't happen.