How to scan a code with an iPhone?

You know those black and white squares, kinda looks like a puzzle or something, and it says scan for more information, how do I do that?

Added (1). A code like this -

Go to the app store and download an app called qr reader use that to read the (qr)codes.

There's a app barcode reader it's free and just use that

Just search for "QR code" in the app store and it'll give you a bunch of those apps to pick from.